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Beyoğlu Göz Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul Purpose: To evaluate the effect of uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery on macula by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Materials and Methods: A total of 110 eyes of 102 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation in Beyoglu Eye Research and Training Hospital between February– March 2005 and without any systemic disease, fundus or other ocular pathology were included. Postoperatively topical prednisolone- acetate (6x1) and ofloxacine (5x1) was started and by decreasing the dosage progressively, treatment was continued for 6 weeks. Full ophthalmological and OCT examinations were done preoperatively, at postoperative 1st day, 1st week, 1st, 3rd and 6th month. Mean retinal thicknesses, volumetric analyses at central fovea, superior, inferior, temporal, nasal macular quadrants and thinnest foveal retinal thicknesses were recorded. Preoperative and postoperative measurements were analyzed statistically bu using dependent samples t-test and Pearson’s correlation test.
Results: The mean central foveal retinal thickness was preoperatively 202.4±25.9μ, postoperatively 200.4±26.1μ at 1st day (p=0.29), 208.4±27.6μ at 1st week (p=0.29), 226.2±54.9μ at 1st month, 215.2±24.0μ at 3 rd month, 213.5±29.4μ at 6 th month (p<0.001). Perifoveal macular thicknesses at superior, inferior, temporal, nasal quadrants were 264.9±28.8μ, 266.1±29.5μ, 255.0±31.3μ, 260.3±34.0μ respectively preoperatively; 287.9±28.4μ, 288.0±26.3μ, 286.8±33.1μ, 272.0±32.4μ respectively at postoperative 1st month (p<0.001). The change in mean central foveal thickness, foveal thinnest retinal thickness, mean perifoveal retinal thickness and volumetric analyses was insignificant at postoperative 1st day (p>0.05), significant at 1st week , 1st, 3rd and 6th month (p<0.05 for all measurements).
Conclusion: Statistically significant increase in macular thickness was detected at postoperative early periods, after 1st week following uncomplicated cataract operation. The increase in macular thickness starts from parafoveal regions. Longer follow-up of patients is required for the macular consequences and different treatment protocols should be studied in a randomised controlled fashion. Keywords : Cystoid macular oedema, phecoemülcification, optical cohorence tomography